Faculty & Staff
Research of Yong Wang: Facilities
Lab Equipment
- 2400 Series II CHN/O Elemental Analyzer
- Agilent 490 micro GCs
- Agilent 7890 A Gas Chromatography
- AutoChem II 2920 Chemisorption Analyzer with Vapor Generator
- Bruker Tenser II FTIR and custom accessories for in-situ ATR
- Bruker Tenser 27 FTIR and Harrick accessories for DRIFTS
- Home-Made Catalysts Evaluation/Characterization Unit
- Homebuilt Micro Reactor
- Horiba LabRAM HR Raman/FTIR microscope
- LINDBERG/BLUE M Mini-MiteTM Tube Furnace
- Parr 4560 Mini Bench Top Reactor
- SmartLab X-ray Diffraction Spectroscopy (XRD)
- TGA/DSC1
- ThermoStarsTM Gas Analysis System GSD 320
- TriStar II 3020 Automatic Physisorption Analyzer
- Waters BreezeTM 2 HPLC System
2400 Series II CHN/O Elemental Analyzer
Company: Perkin Elmer
General description
The PerkinElmer 2400 Series II CHNS/O Elemental Analyzer is a powerful instrument for the rapid determination of the carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen content in organic and other types of materials. Based on the classical Pregl-Dumas method, samples are combusted in a pure oxygen environment, with the resultant combustion gases measured in an automated fashion. High-speed microprocessor control, solid state components and built-in diagnostics provide confidence in performance and reliability.
Features:
- One analyzer with three possible modes of operation: CHN, CHNS and Oxygen (sulfur detection is not currently available).
- Fast analysis times: a typical CHN analysis is accomplished in under six minutes, CHNS in eight minutes and oxygen in four minutes.
- Advanced combustion design for handling virtually any type of sample.
- Frontal Chromatography for simple, reliable and accurate measurements.
- NEW EA 2400 Data Manager software for easy data handling.
Agilent 490 micro GCs
General description
4 independent chromatography channels.
Channel 1: 5A molecular sieve.
Separates: H2, He, Ar, N2, O2, CH4 and CO.
Channel 2: PPQ (packed porous plot Q)
Separates: CO2, C2 compounds, C3 compounds.
Channel 3: Al2O3
Separates: C2 and higher by double bonds
Channel 4: Non-polar silica column
Separates: C4 and heavier compounds primarily on boiling point.
Each column is equipped with a TCD.
Features:
- Temperatures for the columns are fixed (no ramping possible) between ambient + 5°C to 180°C
- Total analysis time is under 3 minutes
Agilent 7890 A Gas Chromatography
Company: Agilent
General description:
The Agilent 7890A is a state-of-the-art gas chromatograph that provides
superior performance for all applications. Key to its performance is the use of advanced electronic pneumatic control (EPC) modules and high performance GC oven temperature control. Each EPC unit is optimized for its intended use with a specific inlet and detector option. GC oven temperature control of the 7890A oven allows for fast and precise temperature ramping. Overall thermal performance provides optimal chromatography including peak symmetry, retention time repeatability, and retention index accuracy.
The Agilent ChemStation software is known as the industry’s most widely sold data system, handling a wide variety of chromatographic techniques such as GC, LC, LC/MS, CE and CE/MS. The B.02.01 release now has a new, state-of-the-art user interface, which dramatically improves the workflow of reviewing your result data.
System Capabilities:
- Supports simultaneously:
- Two inlets
- Three detectors (third detector as TCD)
- Four detector signals
- Full EPC is available for all inlets and detectors. Control range and resolution are optimized for the specific inlet or detector module.
- Up to six EPC modules can be installed, providing control of up to 16 channels of EPC.
- Pressure setpoint and contol precision to 0.001 psi provides more retention time locking precision for low-pressure applications.
- EPC with capillary columns provides four column flow control modes: constant pressure, ramped pressure (3 ramps), constant flow, or ramped flow (3 ramps). Column average linear velocity is calculated.
- Oven cool down (22 °C ambient) 450 to 50 °C in 4.0 min (3.5 min with oven insert accessory).
- Carrier and makeup gas settings selectable for He, H2, N2, and argon/methane.
- Inlet modules Pressure sensors:
- Accuracy: <± 2% full scale,
- Repeatability: <± 0.05psi,
- Temperature coefficient: <± 0.01 psi/°C,
- Drift: <± 0.1 psi/6 months.
- Flow sensors:
- Accuracy: <± 5%
depending on carrier gas, - Repeatability: <± 0.35% of setpoint, normalized temperature and pressure (NTP)* per °C for He or H2; <± 0.05 mL/min NTP
per °C for N2 or Ar/CH4.
- Accuracy: <± 5%
- Detector modules:
Accuracy: <± 3 mL/min NTP or
7% of setpoint, Repeatability:
<± 0.35% of setpoint
*NTP = 25 °C and 1 atmosphere
AutoChem II 2920 Chemisorption Analyzer with Vapor Generator
Company: Micromeritics
General description:
Fully automated chemisorption analyzer for temperature programmed, pulse chemisorption and physisorption analyses of dispersed metal catalyst materials.
Features:
- Flexible analysis protocol permits complex sequencing and experimental design
- In situ experiments with virtually unlimited steps
- Capable of Temperature Programmed Desorption (TPD), Temperature Programmed Reduction (TPR), Temperature Programmed Oxidation (TPO), BET surface area and Pulse Chemisorption analyses
- Four internal mass flow controllers included for precise gas control
- On-instrument gas blending capability (carrier and loop gases)
- Four independent internal temperature controlled zones
- Four inlets each for preparation, carrier and loop gas streams (12 total inlets)
- Gold plated Thermal Conductivity Detector (TCD) filments
- Windows based operating software and build-in controller permit PC independent operation and data collection
- Importation of mass spectrometer signal to reporting system for easy comparison to Temperature Programmed experimental data
- Peak integration capability integrated into data reduction software
- Sub-ambient temperature controlled ramping capability using optional CryoCooler
Bruker Tenser II FTIR and custom accessories for in-situ ATR
Company: Bruker
General description:
TENSOR is designed for today’s laboratory requirements. It combines easy operation with highest instrument performance and affordability. TENSOR provides high sensitivity performance with the permanently aligned, high throughput patented RockSolidTM cube corner interferometer. Unlike a conventional flat mirror interferometer, cube corner’s optically eliminates alignment errors. OPUS (OPtical User Software) is the Bruker data collection and analysis program for the Tensor II FT-IR.
In-Situ ATR
The ATR is a single reflection ZnSe ATR accessory that is custom-designed with versatility in mind. The two-piece bolt-style ATR cell simplifies the infrared analysis of solid and liquid samples and allows for incoming gas streams to react inside the ATR cell. The ATR features an adjustable base for fine tuning of the IR beam bath and easily fits within the sample compartment of the FTIR. QuickLock accessories are still easily utilized without the use of tools and are automatically recognized by the FT-IR spectrometer.
In-Situ ATR Specifications
- Single reflection ZnSe, all reflective, gold coated optics, non-fragile composite material construction
- Spectral range: 10,000cm−1–10cm−1
- Exchangeable crystal and mirrors
- Adjustable and reproducible sample pressure over 70 bar
- Programmable temperature
- Adjustable ATR cell alignment
- Easy exchange of QuickLock accessories with automatic recognition, performance test and automatic load of measurement parameters
- Purgeable
- Fully integrated dust-proof cover
Bruker Tenser 27 FTIR and Harrick accessories for DRIFTS
Company: Bruker
General description:
TENSOR is designed for today’s laboratory requirements. It combines easy operation with highest instrument performance and affordability. TENSOR provides high sensitivity performance with the permanently aligned, high throughput patented RockSolidTM cube corner interferometer. Unlike a conventional flat mirror interferometer, cube corner’s optically eliminates alignment errors. OPUS (OPtical User Software) is the Bruker data collection and analysis program for the Tensor 27 FT-IR.
Platinum ATR
The Platinum ATR is a single reflection diamond ATR accessory that is designed to significantly ease your daily analysis. The ergonomic one-finger clamp mechanism simplifies the infrared analysis of solid and liquid samples. The robust diamond crystal allows to analyze all kind of liquid and solid samples for near, mid- and far Infrared. The Platinum ATR can be mounted on Bruker’s universal QuickLock sample compartment base plate for the TENSOR and VERTEX series FT-IR spectrometers. QuickLock accessories are easily exchanged without the use of tools and are automatically recognized by the FT-IR spectrometer.
Specifications
- Single reflection diamond crystal, all reflective, gold coated optics, no fragile composite material construction
- Spectral range: 10,000cm−1–10cm−1
- Exchangeable crystal plates
Ergonomic one-finger clamp mechanism with pressure control - Adjustable and reproducible sample pressure
- Working distance (max. sample height): 20mm
- Rotateable pressure applicator moves out of the way, allowing easy cleaning
- Easy exchange of QuickLock accessories with automatic recognition, performance test and automatic load of measurement parameters
- Purgeable
- Fully integrated dust-proof cover
The Praying MantisTM(DRP) accessory
Company: Harrick
The Praying MantisTM was the first generally available diffuse reflection (DRIFTS) attachment and remains the forerunner in the field. It incorporates two 6:1, 90° off-axis ellipsoids which form a highly efficient diffuse reflection illumination and collection system. This unique configuration deflects the specular reflectance away from the collecting ellipsoid, minimizing the associated spectral distortions. The Praying MantisTM also can be configured to study materials and reactions in controlled environments with the appropriate diffuse reflectance reaction chamber.
The applications are:
- Easy and reliable diffuse reflection analysis of solids and powders by FT-IR and UV-VIS spectroscopy
- Analysis of catalysts and other powders in a temperature and/or pressure controlled enviornment
Home-Made Catalysts Evaluation/Characterization Unit
General description
Precise Mass Flow Controllers (MFC, Brooks) alongside highly-accurate vaporized liquid input via a multi-channel evaporator are used in combination with multiple 2, 3, 4, and 6-way valves to accurately control a variety of inlet conditions into a high-pressure stainless steel micro reactor and program-temperature-controlled split tube furnace (RT-1100°C). Online GC-2014 (Shimadzu, equipped with TCD and FIDs) and 490 Micro GC (Agilent, equipped with 4-columns and TCDs) located after the reaction furnace are used for both liquid and dry-gas quantitative analysis.
Features:
Primarily designed for vapor (gas)-solid phase reactions (both steady-state and transition-state), Temperature Programmed Desorption/Reduction, In-situ catalysts surface titration etc.
Homebuilt Micro Reactor
Self build reactor able to run catalytic reactions. Four gas inlets precisely controlled by Brooks 5850E Mass flow controllers, pipeline uses 1/4″ stainless steel. One liquid inlet controlled by a Cole-parmer syringe pump. Liquid stainless steel vaporizer can operate at temperatures around 200°C The unit consists of a fixed bed reactor, the reactor tube is quartz tubing and can operate at temperatures up to 900°C at ambient atmosphere. The flow is operated in a down-flow configuration. The reactor effluent is routed to a gas/liquid separator, −4°C is achieved by a Bohlin Reologi Chiller. The reactor is able to conduct iso-thermal or temperature-programmed experiments and analyze the effluent with one online gas chromatograph or a mass-spectrometer.
Accessories:
- Brooks 5850E Mass Flow Controllers
- Cole-parmer syringe pump
- VecStar box Furnace: Temperature range: RT−1100 °C
- Bohlin Reologi Chiller
- Fluke Thermometer
Horiba LabRAM HR Raman/FTIR microscope
General description
The LabRAM HR system conjugated with COHERENT Innova® 90C FreDTM ion laser source provide high spectroscopic resolution and a unique wavelength range capability that offers both great flexibility and high performance. The unique high resolution mode is ideal for most applications where it is important for the precise characterization of position or shape of the Raman spectral features. Its dual capabilities also enable more routine low/medium resolution Raman analysis to be conducted on the same bench-top instrument. The LabRAM HR has a true confocal pinhole with user controlled variable aperture, which fully matches the laser spot and provides the highest spatial resolution with maximum signal throughput. The LabRAM HR can be configured with the unique Dual Path Optics to allow fast, simple switching between Raman and FTIR mode. The free space microscope provides a unique level of access to samples. The bottom frame is removable so that it offers a large free space beneath the microscope objective turret. The Linkam CCR1000 in-situ cell enabled real time Raman/FTIR monitoring under working condition.
Specifications:
- Laser Source: 244 nm/488 nm (Innova 90C FreD ion laser) 532 nm (Ventus LP 532)
- IR Range: 4000 – 650 cm−1 (Illuminat-IR FTIR MicroSpectrometer)
- Objectives: VIS (10x, 50x and 100 x), UV (15 x and 50 x), IR (15x ATR and 36 x ARO)
- Detectors: Synapse CCD
- Spatial Resolution: 1 μm
- Spectra Resolution: 1 cm−1
- Temperature Range for in-situ cell: RT – 1000°C
- Maximum Pressure for in-situ cell: 5 bar (with quartz window)
LINDBERG/BLUE M Mini-MiteTM Tube Furnace
General description
The Lindberg/Blue M Mini-MiteTM Tube Furnaces are a family of ultra-lightweight, economical laboratory tube furnaces. The low thermal mass Moldatherm® insulation/heating element provides fast duty cycles, energy conservation, and efficient programming. The controlled heat-up rate eliminates thermal shock to materials and different atmospheres can be applied in the process tube with homemade MFCs controlled gas feed system.
Features:
- Quick heat-up and cool-down rates
- Maximum operating temperature of 1100°C
- Digital instrumentation for precise temperature setpoint and display
- Microprocessor automatically optimizes control parameters during furnace operation
- Modifiable homemade gas feed system
- Maximum process tube diameter: 25 mm
- Maximum process tube length: 20 inch
Parr 4560 Mini Bench Top Reactor
General description
Parr 4560 Mini Bench Top Reacor are the most popular Parr stirred reactors, they offer a range of sizes large enough to work with significant sample sizes, yet small enough to be handled with ease by all operators. They are made in both fixed head and moveable vessel styles. In our lab we use the moveable vessel for easy open and close. With a flat, PTFE gasket the working temperature can go up to 350 °C sealed with six cap screws in a split-ring cover clamp, the maximum pressure can go up to 3000 Psi. The Support system is specifically designed to provide stability at stirring speeds of up to 1700 rpm in a compact mounting.
Specifications:
- Sizes: 300 mL
- Maximum Pressure (MAWP): 3000 Psi (200 bar)
- Maximum Temperature ( with PTFE Flat Gasket): 350°C
- Vessel Style: Movable
- Closure: Split-Ring ( 6 Cap Screws)
- Temperature Measurement: Fixed Thermocouple
- Vessel Dimensions: Inside Diameter, 2.5 inches; Inside Depth, 4 inches.
- Reactor Dimensions: Width, 11.5 inches; Depth, 17.5 inches.
SmartLab X-ray Diffraction Spectroscopy (XRD)
Company: Rigaku
General description:
This state-of-the-art high-resolution diffractometer can analyze powders, thin films, nanomaterials, or liquids. It incorporates a highresolution θ/θ closed loop goniometer drive system, cross beam optics (CBO), an in-plane scattering arm, and an optional 9.0 kW rotating anode generator.
Specifications:
- 3.0 kW continuously rated output power
- Computer-controlled and manual operation
- Voltage: 20-60 kV, 1kV step
- Current: 2-60 mA, 1 mA step
- Stability: ±0.01% for 10% input power variation
- In-situ capabilities
Anton Paar XRK900S- Reaction temperature: RT to 900°C
- Pressure: up to 10 bar
- Angle of incidence: 0- 165° (2 Theta)
- HT 1500 High Temperature attachment
- Reaction temperature: RT to 1500°C
- Battery Cell attachment
- Integrated 2 electrode battery cell
- Measurement Range (2 Theta): 10°-158°
- Beryllium Windw
- Sample size: ~20 mm φ
TGA/DSC1
Company: Mettler Toledo
General description:
Mettler’s TGA/DSC1 Thermogravimetric Analyzer is a high performance TGA instrument which is one of the very best instruments of its kind for a very simple reason: the balance cell. The balance cell is the most important part of any TGA system; Mettler Toledo’s instruments are made with the best micro and ultra-micro balances in the world.
Using three different removable sensors, the TGA/DSC1 can measure weight change and heat flow simultaneously. The modular design of this instruments allows it to fit perfectly into manual applications as well as for applications requiring fully automated operation in research and development, quality assurance, production and more.
Specifications:
- Furnace
- Temperature range: RT to 1100°C
- Temperature accuracy: ±0.3K
- Heating time 10min (RT to 1100°C)
- Cooling time 22min (1100°C to 100°C)
- Heating rate 150K/min
- Cooling rate −20K/min (≥150°C)
- Sample Volume ≤900µL
- Balance (MX1/MX5)
- Measurement range: ≤1g/≤5g
- Resolution 1.0µg
- Calorimetric
- Sensor type: SDTA(simultaneous differential thermal analyzer)
- Surface material: Platinum
- Number of thermocouples: 1
- Signal time constant at 900°C: 15s
- Sensivity: 0.5 mW
- Furnace temperature resolution: 0.005K
- Enthalpy reproducibility: better than 5%
ThermoStarsTM Gas Analysis System GSD 320
Company: Pfeiffer Vacuum
General description:
200 AMU mass spectrometer connects directly to a dedicated port on the AutoChem II 2920 for detection and identification of low concentrations of condendable and/or reactive gases. It can also be connected to the FTIR and reactor for gas analysis.
It is also suitable for reliably identifying unknown gases. It can quickly and simply determine low detection limits for condensable gases. The analysis systems consist of a heated and temperature-regulated gas inlet system, the Prismaplus mass spectrometer, a dry diaphragm vacuum pump and the Hipace turbopump. It is suitable for qualitative and quantitative gas analysis. The capillary inlet enables an almost segregation-free gas supply. A pressure-regulated gas inlet is optionally available for changing pressures. The units feature a quartz capillary which can be heated to 350°C by means of a heating hose. This prevents vapors from condensing during the process analysis. It offers simple handling and can be directly connected ready for immediate use.
TriStar II 3020 Automatic Physisorption Analyzer
Company: Micromeritics
General description:
High-performance automated high-throughput, three station physical adsorption analyzer with continuous Po reading for determining specific surface area and pore size distribution from 17 to 5000 Å. It can be upgraded for analysis of very low surface area material with high vacuum Kr option.
Analysis Gases:
N2, O2, Ar, CO2, CO, Butane or any non-corrosive gases. Can be upgraded for use with Kr
Available Techniques/Reports:
- Single-point BET surface area
- Adsorption isotherms
- Langmuir surface area
- Micropore volume & area
- Multi-point BET surface area
- Desorption isotherms
- BJH Mesopore volume & area
- Total pore volume
Waters BreezeTM 2 HPLC System
General description
The BreezeTM 2 HPLC System delivers technology and performance in an affordable, compact, and user-friendly system platform. Our instruments contains: Waters 1525 Binary HPLC Pump; Waters 2414 Refractive Index (RI)Detector; 2707 Autosampler.
Features:
- The 1525 Binary HPLC Pump has 100 ul heads, optional injector, degasser, automated seal wash and is designed for isocratic or gradient applications using columns with an ID from 2-4.6mm.
- The 1525 binary HPLC pump achieves reproducible, binary gradient delivery, with exceptionally smooth concurrent-stream blending with flow rates of up to 10 mL/min.
- Integral vacuum degasser—Removes dissolved gases from the eluent, the flow rate of eluent through an in-line degasser determines the efficiency of the degassing. At low flow rates, most of the dissolved gas is removed as the eluent passes through the vacuum chambers, when the flow rate is 1ml/min, the final oxygen concentration is less than 1ppm.
- 1500-series column heater—Enables preheating of fluids passing through chromatographic columns.
- Plunger seal wash system—Extends the life of pump seals by lubricating the plunger and flushing away solvent or dried salts forced past the plunger seal from the high-pressure side of each piston chamber.
- 2707 Autosampler is a compact, versatile module for highly precise and reproducible injections into an LC system controlled by Breeze 2. It utilizes 2 microtiter plates in 96 or 384 capacity or 48 vial and 12 vial trays are also available with or without temperature control.
- Refractive Index(RI) Detector defines the standard of excellence when analyzing non-UV absorbing compounds such as carbohydrates, lipids, and polymers. Designed for HPLC applicaitions the 2414 RI is also the detector of choice for gel permeating chromatography (GPC). The 2414 RI Detecor #s inherent scalability makes it ideal for applications ranging from preparative scale to routine quality control analyses.
- Refractive index units—In standalone RIU mode, the 2414 detector provides measured refractive index signals to nano-RIU sensitivity.
- Long-life LED—The detector is equipped with an 880-nm, long-life LED.
- Thermostability—The detector uses a countercurrent heat exchanger design and temperature controlled cell for stable operation and fast warmup and reequilibration times.
- Purge mode—Before performing a measurement, the 2414 detector can be programmed automatically or by using the front panel keypad to purge the reference cell.
- Recycle valve—A preconfigured diverter valve used to recycle solvent during equilibration to reduce solvent consumption.
- Intuitive interface with Breeze 2 Software that allows for easy set-up, operation, and minimal training.